Context
- RTI responses from 19 States/UTs revealed that no Forest Department maintains records of registered breeders or authorised pet shops dealing in African grey parrots.
- This is despite the species being easily available in Indian pet markets, pointing to widespread illegal and unregulated exotic bird trade.
About African Grey Parrot
What it is
- The African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus) is a medium-sized, extremely intelligent parrot.
- Often called the “Einstein of the bird world” due to its unmatched mimicry and cognitive abilities.
Habitat & Range
- Native to West and Central Africa.
- Natural habitats include: Savannas, Mangroves, Forest edges, Woodland and clearings
- Two subspecies: Congo African Grey (CAG), Timneh African Grey (TAG)
IUCN Red List
- Endangered
- Due to extensive habitat destruction
- Heavy capture for the international pet trade
Key Characteristics
- Exceptional talking ability and contextual comprehension.
- Grey plumage, bright orange eyes, red (CAG) or maroon (TAG) tail.
- Highly social, emotionally sensitive, prone to:
- Anxiety
- Stress-induced feather plucking
- Require:
- Stimulating environments
- Cognitive toys
- Nutrient-rich diets (vitamin D, beta-carotene)
Ecological & Conservation Significance
- One of the world’s most trafficked parrots due to high pet demand.
- Important seed dispersers in African ecosystems.
- Listed under CITES Appendix I (highest protection):
- Prohibits commercial international trade
- Requires strict import/export permits
Status of African Grey Parrot in India
Legal Position
- CITES Appendix I species → strict import regulations.
- India requires: Import permits,Registration,Verification of legal origin.
Ground Reality: Widely sold in Indian exotic bird markets → indicates illegal trafficking.
- RTI findings:
- No State/UT maintains records of authorised breeders or traders.
- Complete data vacuum on captive populations.
Key Hotspots: Despite Tamil Nadreporting zero authorised breeders, the State remains a major hub for exotic bird trade along with: Kerala, Karnataka
IAS-2026 - OPTIONAL / GEOGRAPHY / PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION / SOCIOLOGY / ANTHROPOLOGY / ORIENTATION ON 03 & 04-10-2025 
