Context:
Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently paid tribute to Rani VelNachiyar on her birth anniversary, honoring her legacy as a fearless leader and a pioneer in the fight against British colonial rule in India.
Background:
- Rani VelNachiyar (1730–1796) was a princess of Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu, and the daughter of the ruler of the Ramnad kingdom.
- Known as Veeramangai (meaning "brave woman") by the Tamil people, she was one of the earliest Indian queens to actively oppose British colonization.
- Rani VelNachiyar reinherited the Sivagangai kingdom after the death of her husband and led a significant resistance movement against the British.
Contributions:
- Fighting British Rule: Rani VelNachiyar was the first queen to wage an active war against the British East India Company. In collaboration with Hyder Ali, the ruler of Mysore, and Gopala Nayaker, she led a determined resistance, famously making significant strategic alliances.
- Innovative Warfare: One of her major achievements was the creation of the first human bomb and the formation of an army of trained women soldiers, making her a trailblazer in military leadership and gender inclusivity.
Legacy and Values:
- Rani VelNachiyar's reign is remembered for her bravery, leadership, and commitment to protecting her kingdom from foreign domination.
- She was also proficient in multiple languages like French, English, and Urdu, which reflected her broad intellectual and diplomatic capabilities.
Rani VelNachiyar’s legacy continues to inspire generations, as she remains a symbol of courage, resilience, and defiance in the face of oppression.
UPSC / PCM - 2026 / NEW REGULAR BATCH STARTS ON SEP-5, 2025 
