India's relationship with Oman is one of its most strategic and historically deep-rooted partnerships in the Gulf region.
Pillars of the Relationship
- Strategic & Defence Cooperation: This is the cornerstone of the relationship.
- Defence Exchanges: India has access to the Port of Duqm for military and logistical support, which is critical for India's strategic maritime presence in the western Indian Ocean.
- Joint Military Exercises: Regular exercises like Al Nagah (Army), Naseem Al Bahr (Navy), and Eastern Bridge (Air Force) underscore the robust cooperation.
- Economic & Commercial Ties:
- Oman is a key source of energy for India.
- Bilateral trade is significant, and the finalisation of the India-Oman Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) is a major ongoing goal to open a new chapter in trade and commercial ties.
- Indian investments in Oman are substantial, particularly in the infrastructure sector (e.g., Duqm Special Economic Zone).
- Cultural & Diaspora:
- An estimated 600,000+ strong Indian diaspora forms the largest expatriate community in Oman, contributing significantly to its economy and strengthening cultural links.
- Historical maritime trade links between the Gujarat and Malabar coasts and Oman predate modern diplomatic ties.
- Regional Role: Oman has traditionally maintained a balanced foreign policy, making it an important interlocutor for India in navigating the complex politics of the Gulf region and the wider West Asia.
- Geopolitical Significance: Oman's location at the mouth of the Strait of Hormuz makes it strategically vital for India's energy security and maritime trade routes.
- Role in India's Foreign Policy: The relationship is a key component of India's "Look West" policy (now extended as "Act West") and its expanding engagement with the Global South.
- Focus on CEPA: The ongoing efforts to sign CEPA are a current affairs focal point, signaling deeper economic integration.
IAS-2026 - OPTIONAL / GEOGRAPHY / PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION / SOCIOLOGY / ANTHROPOLOGY / ORIENTATION ON 03 & 04-10-2025 
