Context: A recent study published in BMJ Global Health (conducted by Tata Memorial Centre) found that even small amounts of alcohol (9g/day) increase the risk of BMC by 50% in Indian men.
- What is BMC?: It is cancer of the inner lining of the cheeks and lips. It is the most common form of oral cancer in India.
- The "Synergistic" Effect: The study found that alcohol makes the mouth lining more "permeable." This allows carcinogens from tobacco/betel quid to penetrate deeper, increasing the risk fourfold if both are used together.
- The "Country Liquor" Factor: Locally brewed alcohol (Mahua, Toddy, Desi Daru) showed a higher risk (87%) compared to international brands, likely due to unregulated contaminants like methanol.
- Subject Reference:
- GS Paper II: Social Justice (Issues relating to Health), Government Policies (Alcohol regulation under the 7th Schedule - State List).
- GS Paper III: Science and Technology (Developments in Health and Medicine).
IAS-2026 - OPTIONAL / GEOGRAPHY / PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION / SOCIOLOGY / ANTHROPOLOGY / ORIENTATION ON 03 & 04-10-2025 
